javascript check if not null or undefined
There is no simple whiplash solution in native core JavaScript it has to be adopted. On the other hand, using just the == and === operators here would've alerted us about the non-existing reference variable: Note: This isn't to say that typeof is inherently a bad choice - but it does entail this implication as well. You can check this using the typeof operator. How to check whether a string contains a substring in JavaScript? For instance - imagine you made a typo, and accidentally input somevariable instead of someVariable in the if clause: Here, we're trying to check whether someVariable is null or undefined, and it isn't. You need to keep in mind that react will be rendering what it has at every step of the way, so you need deal with async data accordingly. Whether we lose a reference through side-effects, forget to assign a reference variable to an object in memory, or we get an empty response from another resource, database or API - we have to deal with undefined and null values all the time. As a result, this allows for undefined values to slip through and vice versa. So FYI, the best solution will involve the use of the window object! And then we're checking the value is exactly equal to null. NULL doesn't exist, but may at best be an alias for null, making that a redundant or broken condition. Undefined doesn't do the trick JS, Undefined variable in Javascript: difference between typeof and not exists, Typescript - checking for null and undefined the easy way, best way to check if something is null or undefined. If you want to check whether the string is empty/null/undefined, use the following code: When the string is not null or undefined, and you intend to check for an empty one, you can use the length property of the string prototype, as follows: Another option is checking the empty string with the comparison operator ===. Ltd. All rights reserved. If the data will eventually be a string, then I would initially define my variable with an empty string, so you can do this: without the null (or any weird stuff like data = "0") getting in the way. An undefined property doesn't yield an error and simply returns undefined, which, when converted to a boolean, evaluates to false. @mar10 (aUndefinedVar == null) gives you a "aUndefinedVar is not defined" error not true. We have seen the nullish coalescing operator is really useful when you only care about the null or undefined value for any variable. The nature of simulating nature: A Q&A with IBM Quantum researcher Dr. Jamie We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. While importing an external library isn't justified just for performing this check - in which case, you'll be better off just using the operators. This is because null == undefined evaluates to true. In this short guide, we've taken a look at how to check if a variable is null, undefined or nil in JavaScript, using the ==, === and typeof operators, noting the pros and cons of each approach. console.log("String is empty"); Parewa Labs Pvt. This is underrated and IMHO a preferable way to check for something being undefined. This can lead to code errors and cause the application to crash. fatfish. Example 2 . Test whether a variable is null. Output: The output is the same as in the first example but with the proper condition in the JavaScript code. According to some forums and literature saying simply the following should have the same effect. Scroll to an element with jQuery. We've had a silent failure and might spend time on a false trail. In this example, you will learn to write a JavaScript program that will check if a variable is undefined or null. http://jsfiddle.net/drzaus/UVjM4/, (Note that the use of var for in tests make a difference when in a scoped wrapper). We need edge case solution. There's a difference between the Loose Equality Operator (==) and Strict Equality Operator (===) in JavaScript. exception is when checking for undefined and null by way of null. b is defined as a null-value. The proposed solution is an exception to this rule. Learn to code interactively with step-by-step guidance. Unlike null, you cannot do this. How To Check Empty, Null, Undefined Variables in Javascript / jQuery Both values can be easily distinguished by using the strict comparison operator. Here's a sample function that you may copy to your project and is it to check for empty values: /** * Determine whether the given `value` is `null` or `undefined`. It could depend on whether your default position is to always use strict comparison unless specifically requiring type coercion (as recommended by Crockford, for example) or whether you prefer to use non-strict comparison except when strictness is required. How do I check if an array includes a value in JavaScript? The language itself makes the following distinction: undefined means "not initialized" (e.g., a variable) or "not existing" (e.g., a property of an object). If you are interested in finding out whether a variable has been declared regardless of its value, then using the in operator is the safest way to go. It adds no value in a conditional. ReferenceError: value is not defined. I don't hear people telling me that I shouldn't use setTimeout because someone can. It becomes defined only when you assign some value to it. We accomplish this by creating thousands of videos, articles, and interactive coding lessons - all freely available to the public. STEP 2 Then, given the inputs q and a null value, we check the Object.is () a method with an if-statement to determine whether both are the same. The above operators . because it fails and blows up in my face rather than silently passing/failing if x has not been declared before. The if condition will execute if my_var is any value other than a null i.e. Therefore, it is essential to determine whether a variable has a value prior to using it. Merge Two Arrays and Remove Duplicate Items, JavaScript Function and Function Expressions. Donations to freeCodeCamp go toward our education initiatives, and help pay for servers, services, and staff. if (!emptyStr) { Check if an array is empty or not in JavaScript. As mentioned in one of the answers, you can be in luck if you are talking about a variable that has a global scope. A variable has undefined when no value assigned to it. Is there a less verbose way of checking that has the same effect? This would return a false while bleh has not been declared AND assigned a value. Note that this returns true for non-string inputs, which might not be what you want if you wanted to . if (!emptyStr && emptyStr.length == 0) { Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. That being said - since the loose equality operator treats null and undefined as the same - you can use it as the shorthand version of checking for both: This would check whether a is either null or undefined. How do I check if an element is hidden in jQuery? Solution is drawn keeping in mind the resuability and flexibility. How do I test for an empty JavaScript object? :-). Jordan's line about intimate parties in The Great Gatsby? is null or undefined, then default to the value after the ??. let nullStr = null; How to Check for Undefined in JavaScript - Medium support the Nullish coalescing operator (??) filter function does exactly that make use of it. == '' does not work for, e.g. This is also a nice (but verbose) way of doing it: It's very clear what's happening and hard to misunderstand. How do I check whether a checkbox is checked in jQuery? JavaScript is a widely-used programming language for creating interactive web pages and applications. let undefinedStr; Hence, you can check the undefined value using typeof operator. How to append HTML code to a div using JavaScript ? Nowadays most browsers Running another early check through include makes early exit if not met. // will return true if empty string and false if string is not empty. What is the most appropriate way to test if a variable is undefined in JavaScript? ;), you do not address the problem of 0 and false. You might want to check if a particular global variable representing a piece of functionality has already been defined. var myVar; var isNull = (myVar === null); Test for undefined. Some scenarios illustrating the results of the various answers: You can do this using "void(0)" which is similar to "void 0" as you can see below: In the actual sense, this works like direct comparison (which we saw before). Why are trials on "Law & Order" in the New York Supreme Court? A method or statement also returns undefined if the variable that is being evaluated does not have an assigned value. Hide elements in HTML using display property. JavaScript in Plain English. On the other hand, a is quite literally nothing. I find it amazing that the undefined compare is slower than to void 0. 2968 Is there a standard function to check for null, undefined, or blank variables in JavaScript? includes function does exactly that no need to write nasty loops of your own let JS engine do the heavy lifting. This - even shorter - variant is not equivalent: In general it is recommended to use === instead of ==. There are 7 falsy values in JavaScript - false, 0, 0n, '', null, undefined and NaN. However, this code is more concise, and clearer at a glance to someone who knows what void 0 means. In this tutorial, we are going to show you the ways of checking whether the JavaScript string is empty, undefined, or null. So, if we use ===, we have to check for both undefined and null. The . This condition will check the exact value of the variable whether it is null or not. Solution: if ( !window.myVar ) myVar = false; That's all I needed, get it declared globally as false, if a previously library wasn't included to initialize it to 0/false. If, however you just want to make sure, that a code will run only for "reasonable" values, then you can, as others have stated already, write: Since, in javascript, both null values, and empty strings, equals to false (i.e. JavaScript has all sorts of implicit conversions to trip you up, and two different types of equality comparator: == and ===. Learn Lambda, EC2, S3, SQS, and more! Warning: Please note that === is used over == and that myVar has been previously declared (not defined). If the defined or given array is empty, it will contain the 0 elements. The if condition will execute if my_var is any value other than a null i.e. According to the data from caniuse, it should be supported by around 85% of the browsers(as of January 2021). Variables are used to store data that can be accessed and modified later in JavaScript. When the typeof operator is used to determine the undefined value, it returns undefined. In this article, you will learn the various methods and approaches you can use to know if a variable is undefined in JavaScript. You can make a tax-deductible donation here. JS Check for Null - Null Checking in JavaScript Explained Unsubscribe at any time. In the above program, a variable is checked if it is equivalent to null. Finite abelian groups with fewer automorphisms than a subgroup, A limit involving the quotient of two sums. Approach 1: We can implement coalescing in pre-ES6 JavaScript by looping through the arguments and checking which of the arguments is equal to NULL. 14.1 undefined vs. null. ), Now some people will keel over in pain when they read this, screaming: "Wait! The variable is neither undefined nor null How to check whether a string contains a substring in JavaScript? Example: Note that strict comparison (!==) is not necessary in this case, since typeof will always return a string. Also, like the typeof approach, this technique can "detect" undeclared variables: But both these techniques leak in their abstraction. Handling null and undefined in JavaScript | by Eric Elliott - Medium How do I check if an element is hidden in jQuery? Read our Privacy Policy. A note on the side though: I would avoid having a variable in my code that could manifest in different types. Thanks for this succinct option. Recommended way to spot undefined variable which have been declared, How can I trigger this 'typeof(undefined) != undefined' error? You can directly check the same on your developer console. By using our site, you The === will prevent mistakes and keep you from losing your mind. (Okay, I'm done here about this part except to say that for 99% of the time, === undefined (and ****cough**** typeof) works just fine. Using the != will flip the result, as expected. Choosing your preferred method is totally up to you. That "duplicate" is about object properties, so some of the answers don't apply very well to this question, asking about variables. How to Check if Variable is Not Null or Undefined in Javascript freeCodeCamp is a donor-supported tax-exempt 501(c)(3) charity organization (United States Federal Tax Identification Number: 82-0779546) Our mission: to help people learn to code for free. Note, however, that abc must still be declared. Staging Ground Beta 1 Recap, and Reviewers needed for Beta 2, Only execute function if value is NOT empty. if (window.myVar) will also include these falsy values, so it's not very robust: Thanks to @CMS for pointing out that your third case - if (myVariable) can also throw an error in two cases. Is it correct to use "the" before "materials used in making buildings are"? In this case, if someObject.someMember doesn't hold a value, then it will be assigned the value of null. Besides that, it's nice and short. To check for null variables, you can use a strict equality operator (===) to compare the variable with null. @Anurag, you're welcome, since you talk about ES5, maybe is worth mentioning that. ), Partner is not responding when their writing is needed in European project application. Without this operator there will be an additional requirement of checking that person object is not null. In contrast, JavaScript has two of them: undefined and null. First run of function is to check if b is an array or not, if not then early exit the function. operator kicks in and will make the value null. So if you want to write conditional logic around a variable, just say. And the meme just sums it all . console.log("String is empty"); JavaScript null is a primitive value that represents a deliberate non-value. The '' is not the same as null or undefined. In conclusion, it is necessary to determine whether a variable has a value before utilizing it in JavaScript. How to Check for Empty/Undefined/Null String in JavaScript - W3docs If you truly want to confirm that a variable is not null and not an empty string specifically, you would write: Notice that I changed your code to check for type equality (!==|===). The test may be negated to val != null if you want the complement. This condition will check the exact value of the variable whether it is null or not. Is there a standard function to check for null, undefined, or blank variables in JavaScript? @Nando not just "your" version but your target audience too, but ideally you'd be using babel to transpile out any syntax that is too new for your user's browsers. The typeof operator for undefined value returns undefined. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. Like it. Unfortunately, Firebug evaluates such a statement as error on runtime when some_variable is undefined, whereas the first one is just fine for it. If a law is new but its interpretation is vague, can the courts directly ask the drafters the intent and official interpretation of their law? This is known as coalescing. The loose equality operator uses "coloquial" definitions of truthy/falsy values. How to compare variables to undefined, if I dont know whether they exist? The length property is an essential JavaScript property, used for returning the number of function parameters. This is an idiomatic pattern in JavaScript, but it gets verbose when the chain is long, and it's not safe. Staging Ground Beta 1 Recap, and Reviewers needed for Beta 2. how to check document.getElementbyId contains null or undefined value in it? Redoing the align environment with a specific formatting. If my_var is undefined then the condition will execute. You can add more checks, like empty string for example. do stuff Finally, we've taken a quick look at using Lodash - a popular convenience utility library to perform the same checks. @qrbn - it is equivalent to the even shorter. Undefined is a primitive value representing a variable or object property that has not been initialized.
